Lastname, Firstname. Year. "Title of the Article." Title of the Journal Volume (Issue number, if pagination for a volume is not continuous): Page numbers. doi: or URL if online.
Karam, Maria, Frank A. Russo, and Deborah I. Fels. 2009. "Designing the Model Human Cochlea: An Ambient Crossmodal Audio-Tactile Display." IEEE Transactions on Haptics 2, no. 3: 160-69. doi:10.1109/TOH.2009.32.
Lastname, Firstname. Year. "Title of the Article." Title of the Magazine, Month Day, page number(s). doi: or URL if online.
Heft, Miguel. 2014. "Can Big Data Cure Cancer?" Fortune, August 11, 70.
Lastname, Firstname. Year. "Title of the Article." Title of the Newspaper, Month Day. URL if online.
Zimmer, Carl. 2014. "We May Be Our Own Best Medicine." The New York Times, September 16.
Lastname, Firstname (or sponsor). Year. "Page Title or Description." Publication date or revision/modification date, if neither date is present include an access date. URL.
Microsoft. 2007. "How to Programmatically turn off the Clipboard Warning Message." Last modified January 31. http://support.microsoft.com/kb/287392.
University of Chicago. 2012. "Chicago-Style Citation Quick Guide." Accessed August 30. http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html.
Lastname, Firstname, Firstname Lastname, and Firstname Lastname. Year. Book Title. Edition (abbreviated), if not 1st. Place of publication: Publisher.
Gonen, Turan. 2012. Electrical Machines with MATLAB. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Lastname, Firstname. Year. "Title of the paper." In Title of the conference proceeding. Page numbers.
Barnett, Ralph L and John B. Glauber. 2010. "Automotive Lifts - Unrestrained v. Restrained Swing Arms." In Proceedings of the ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition 2009, IMECE2009. 373-87.
Corporate author's name. Year. Name of the Standard, Standard Number. Place of publication, State (if city is not commonly known): Publisher.
ASTM International. 2007. Standard Practice for Performance Evaluation of In-Plant Walk-Through Metal Detectors, ASTM C1309-97(2003). West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
Since standards are not a category in Chicago Manual of Style, find the category that is most like the item. Standards, in many ways, resemble a series of reports (section 14.128 of the 16th edition).
Lastname, Firstname. Year. Title of the patent. US Patent Number, filed Date, and issued Date.
Spannhake, Stefan, Reinhard Henkel, and Jurgen Gewinner. 2001. Electronic safety system for escalators. US Patent 6,267,219, filed Aug. 11, 2000, and issued July 31, 2001.
Chicago has two methods for providing in-text citations. One utilizes notes (either footnotes or endnotes) and a bibliography while the other uses parenthetical references with author-date. We are going to concentrate on parenthetical references with author-date.
General format
(Lastname and Lastname Year)
General guidelines
If you need to include page number(s)**, the format is
(Lastname and Lastname Year, Page Number(s))
** Include page numbers when you want to direct readers to a specific passage or section of a book, journal article, etc. If the item does not have page numbers, you may use a chapter or paragraph number, section heading, or descriptive phrase, if available.
It is a part of scholarly research to include a bibliography or reference list as part of your paper, poster, or presentation. A bibliography is a list of print and/or electronic resources that you used information from either by direct quote or indirect quote i.e., paraphrase or that you reproduced in your work (e.g., a chart from another source).
Properly cite your information by:
The mechanics of citing are: